For the purpose of this Federal Law the following basic concepts are used:
1) medicines are substances or combinations thereof coming in contact with the human or animal body, penetrating into the organs and tissues of the human or animal body, used for prophylaxis, diagnostics (except for substances or combinations thereof not coming in contact with the human or animal body), treatment of disease, rehabilitation, as well as for maintenance, prevention or interruption of pregnancy, as may be made of blood, blood plasma, human or animal organs and tissues, plants and minerals by synthesis methods or using biological technologies. Medicines include pharmaceutical substances and medicinal products;
2) pharmaceutical substance is a medicine in the form of one or more active substances of any origin, being pharmacologically active, which is intended for production and formulation of medicinal products and determines the efficacy thereof;
(sub-clause 2 as amended by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
3) excipients are substances of organic or non-organic origin used in the process of production and formulation of medicinal products in order to give the latter required physicochemical properties;
4) medicinal products are pharmaceutical forms of medicines used for prophylaxis, diagnostics, treatment of disease, rehabilitation, as well as for maintenance, prevention or interruption of pregnancy;
5) pharmaceutical form is a condition of a medicinal product corresponding to the modes of administration and use thereof, and ensuring the required therapeutic effect;
5.1) dosage is the content of one or more active substances in quantitative terms per dosage unit, or volume unit, or weight unit in accordance with the pharmaceutical form or, for certain types of pharmaceutical forms, amount of active substances released from pharmaceutical form per time unit;
(sub-clause 5.1 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
6) list of vital and essential medicinal products is the list of medicinal products for medical use annually approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, satisfying priority healthcare needs for prophylaxis and treatment of diseases, including, but not limited to, those prevailing in the morbidity structure of the Russian Federation;
6.1) orphan medicinal products are medicinal products designated solely for diagnostics or pathogenic treatment (treatment aimed at the mechanism of disease development) of rare (orphan) diseases ;
(sub-clause 6.1 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
6.2) biological medicinal products are medicinal products, whose active substance is produced or separated from a biological source and whose properties and quality can be determined using a combination of biological and physical-chemical methods. Biological medicinal products include immunobiological medicinal products, medicinal products made of blood, blood plasma of humans or animals (except for whole blood), biotechnological medicinal products, gene therapy medicinal products;
(sub-clause 6.2 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
7) immunobiological medicinal products are medicinal products designated for formation of active or passive immunity or immunity diagnostics or diagnostics of specific acquired modification of immune response to allergenic substances. Immunobiological medicinal products include vaccines, toxoids, toxins, serums, immunoglobulins and allergens;
(sub-clause 7 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
7.1) biotechnological medicinal products are medicinal products produced using biotechnological processes and methods (including recombinant DNA technology, technology of controlled expression of genes encoding biologically active proteins in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including modified mammalian cells), hybridoma technology and monoclonal antibody method;
(sub-clause 7.1 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
7.2) gene therapy medicinal products are medicinal products, whose pharmaceutical substance is a recombinant nucleic acid or includes recombinant nucleic acid allowing to carry out regulation, reparation, substitution, addition or removal of genetic sequence;
(sub-clause 7.2 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
8) narcotic medicines are medicinal products and pharmaceutical substances containing narcotic drugs and included into the list of Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and Precursors Thereof, which are subject to control in the Russian Federation in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and international treaties of the Russian Federation, including, but not limited to, the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs;
9) psychotropic medicines are medicinal products and pharmaceutical substances containing psychotropic substances and included into the list of Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and Precursors Thereof, which are subject to control in the Russian Federation in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and international treaties of the Russian Federation, including, but not limited to, the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances;
10) radiopharmaceutical medicines are medicines which contain one radionuclide or several radionuclides (radioactive isotopes) in ready-to-use form;
11) reference medicinal product is a medicinal product which is registered in the Russian Federation for the first time, whose quality, efficacy and safety are proved based on the results of pre-clinical trials of medicines and clinical trials of medicinal products conducted in accordance with the requirements of parts 6 and 7 of Article 18 of this Federal Law in respect of medicines for medical use, or in accordance with the requirements of clause 12 of this Federal Law in respect of medicines for veterinary use, and which is used to assess bioequivalence or therapeutic equivalence, quality, efficacy and safety of generic or bioanalogue (biosimilar) medicinal product;
(sub-clause 11 as amended by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
12) generic medicinal product is a medicinal product, which has the same qualitative composition and quantitative composition of active substances in the same pharmaceutical form as a reference medicinal product, and whose bioequivalence or therapeutic equivalence to the reference medicinal product has been proved by relevant trials;
(sub-clause 12 as amended by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
12.1) therapeutic equivalence is achievement of a comparable therapeutic effect when using medicinal products for medical use in the same group of patients and for the same indications;
(sub-clause 12.1 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
12.2) bioanalogue (biosimilar) medicinal product (biosimilar) is a biological medicinal product similar in terms of quality, efficacy and safety to a reference biological medicinal product in the same pharmaceutical form with identical mode of administration;
(sub-clause 12.2 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
12.3) substitutable medicinal product is a medicinal product with proved therapeutic equivalence or bioequivalence to a reference medicinal product, having equivalent qualitative composition and quantitative composition of active substances, composition of excipients, dosage form and mode of administration;
(sub-clause 12.3 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
13) herbal medicinal raw material is fresh or dried plants or parts thereof used for production of medicines by institutions producing medicines, or for manufacturing of medicinal products by pharmacy institutions, veterinary pharmacy institutions and sole traders holding pharmaceutical licenses;
14) herbal medicinal product is a medicinal product produced or manufactured of one type of herbal medicinal raw material or several types of such raw materials and being distributed as packed in the secondary (retail) packaging;
15) homeopatic medicinal product is a medicinal product produced or manufactured from pharmaceutical substance or pharmaceutical substances in accordance with the requirements of general pharmacopeia articles to homeopatic medicinal products or in accordance with the requirements of the pharmacopeia of the country of the manufacturer of this medicinal product;
(clause 15 as amended by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
16) international nonproprietary name of a medicine is a name assigned to active substance of pharmaceutical substance as recommended by the World Health Organization;
(as amended by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
17) trade name of a medicine is a name assigned to the medicine by the developer thereof, holder or owner of the registration certificate for medicinal product;
(as amended by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
17.1) modified name of a medicinal product is a name of a medicinal product, which does not have an international nonproprietary name, or a combination of medicinal products used to join them into a group under a single name based on the equivalent composition of active substances;
(sub-clause 17.1 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
18) general pharmacopoeia article is a document approved by the authorized federal executive body, containing a list of quality indicators and (or) quality control methods for a particular pharmaceutical form or herbal medicinal raw material, description of biological, biochemical, microbiological, physicochemical, physical, chemical and other methods of analysis of a medicine, as well as requirements for the reagents, titrated solutions and indicators used for the purpose of such analysis;
(as amended by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
19) pharmacopoeia article is a document approved by the authorized federal executive body, containing a list of quality indicators and quality control methods for a medicine;
(as amended by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
19.1) standard samples are substances with which studied medicines are compared for the quality control purposes by means of physical-chemical and biological methods in order to confirm the compliance of the medicines with requirements of normative documents established at state registration and which are applied to calibrate standard samples of the manufacturer of the medicines used for the quality control and other purposes in circulation of medicines;
(sub-clause 19.1 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
19.2) pharmacopeia standard sample is a standard sample produced in accordance with a pharmacopeia article;
(sub-clause 19.2 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
20) normative documentation is a document containing a list of quality indicators and quality control methods for a medicine for medical use as determined under the relevant expert examination results, established by the manufacturer;
21) normative document is a document containing a list of quality indicators and (or) quality control methods for a pharmaceutical form as determined under the relevant expert examination results, description of biological, biochemical, microbiological, physicochemical, physical, chemical and other methods of analysis of medicines for veterinary use and requirements to the reagents, titrated solutions and indicators used for the purpose of such analysis, established by the manufacturer;
21.1) general technical document is a set of documents and materials consisting of several sections: administrative documents, chemical, pharmaceutical and biological documents, pharmacological, toxicological documents, clinical documents, and submitted together with the application for state registration of the medicinal product for medical use in a format established by the authorized federal executive body;
(sub-clause 21.1 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
22) quality of a medicine is compliance of a medicine with the requirements of the pharmacopoeia article or, in case of non-availability of the latter, of the normative documentation or normative document;
23) safety of a medicine is a characteristic of a medicine based on comparative analysis of its efficacy and assessment of health hazard;
24) efficacy of a medicinal product is a characteristic of the degree of positive action of a medicinal product on the course, duration or prevention of a decease, or rehabilitation, as well as on maintenance, prevention or interruption of pregnancy;
25) batch of a medicine is certain quantity of a medicine produced in the course of one technological cycle by the manufacturer thereof;
26) registration certificate of a medicinal product is a document certifying the fact of state registration of a medicinal product;
26.1) holder or owner of the registration certificate for medicinal product is a developer of a medicine, manufacturer of medicines or another legal entity entitled to hold the registration certificate, that are responsible for quality, efficacy and safety of the medicinal product;
(sub-clause 26.1 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
27) registration number is a reference code assigned to a medicinal product in state registration;
28) circulation of medicines is development, preclinical trials, clinical trials, expert examination, state registration, standardization and quality control, production, formulation, storage, transportation, import into the Russian Federation, export from the Russian Federation, advertising, dispensation, distribution, transfer, use and destruction of medicines;
(as amended by Federal Law of December 06, 2011 No. 409-FZ);
29) subjects of circulation of medicines are individuals, including, but not limited to, sole traders, and legal entities engaged in circulation of medicines;
30) developer of a medicine is an institution holding rights to the results of preclinical trials of a medicine, clinical trials of a medicinal product and (or) to production technology of a medicine;
(as amended by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
31) production of medicines is activity in production of medicines carried out by institutions engaged in production of medicines at one, several or all stages of the technological process, as well as in storage and distribution of medicines manufactured;
31.1) production site is a territorially separated complex of a manufacturer of medicines designated to perform the entire process of production of medicines or its particular stage;
(sub-clause 31.1 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
32) manufacturer of medicines is an institution producing medicines in compliance with the requirements of this Federal Law;
33) pharmaceutical activities are activities including wholesale of medicinal products, storage thereof, transportation and (or) retail of medicines, dispensation thereof, storage, transportation and (or) production of medicinal products;
34) wholesaler of medicines is an institution engaged in wholesale, storage and transportation of medicines in compliance with the requirements of this Federal Law;
35) pharmacy institution is an institution or a division of a medical institution engaged in retail of medicinal products, storage, transportation, formulation and dispensation of medicinal products for medical use in compliance with the requirements of this Federal Law;
(as amended by Federal Law of November 25, 2013 No. 317-FZ)
36) veterinary pharmacy institution is an institution or division of a veterinary institution engaged in retailing, storage, formulation and dispensation of medicinal products for veterinary use in compliance with the requirements of this Federal Law;
37) counterfeited medicine is a medicine supplied with false information on the composition and (or) manufacturer thereof;
38) poor quality medicine is a medicine not complying with the requirements of the pharmacopoeia article or, in case of non-availability thereof, with the requirements of the normative documentation or normative document;
39) infringing medicine is a medicine being in circulation in violation of the civil law;
40) preclinical trial of a medicine is biological, microbiological, immunological, toxicological, pharmacological, physical, chemical and other trials of a medicine by means of scientific methods of assessment for the purpose of obtaining evidence of safety, proper quality and efficacy of the medicine;
41) clinical trial of a medicinal product is studying diagnostic, therapeutic, prophylactic and pharmacological properties of a medicinal product in the process of use thereof by a human being or animal, including, but not limited to, the processes of absorption, allocation, modification and excretion, by means of scientific methods of assessment for the purpose of obtaining evidence of safety, proper quality and efficacy of the medicinal product, data on anticipated side effects resulting from the use of the medicinal product by a human being or an animal, and the effect of interaction thereof with other medicinal products and (or) food substances, or animal food substances;
42) multicentre clinical trial of a medicinal product for medical use is a clinical trial of a medicinal product for medical use conducted by the developer of the medicinal product in two or more medical institutions under a uniform protocol of clinical trials of the medical product;
43) international multicentre clinical trial of a medicinal product for medical use is a clinical trial of a medicinal product for medical use conducted by the developer of the medicinal product in different countries under a uniform protocol of clinical trial of the medicinal product;
44) post-registration clinical trial of a medicinal product for medical use is a clinical trial of a medicinal product for medical use conducted by the manufacturer of the medicinal product which is put in civil circulation after the state registration, for the purpose of additional collection of data on its safety and efficacy, extension of indications of such medicinal product, as well as for the purpose of revealing adverse reactions of the medicinal product on the patients;
45) bioequivalence study of a medicinal product is a type of clinical trial conducted to determine the rate of absorption and excretion of one or more active substances, being pharmacologically active, the quantity of the medicinal product reaching the systemic blood flow, the results of which allow making a conclusion on bioequivalence of a certain pharmaceutical form and dosage of a generic medicinal product to the form and dosage of a reference medicinal product;
(clause 45 as amended by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
46) therapeutic equivalence study of medicinal products is a type of clinical trials of medicinal products conducted to determine similar properties of medicinal products of a particular pharmaceutical form, as well as availability of similar indicators of safety and efficacy of medicinal products and similar clinical effects resulting from the use thereof;
47) protocol of a clinical trial of a medical product is a document determining the objectives, form and methodology of a clinical trial, statistical methods of processing the results of such trial and safety measures for the individuals involved in the clinical trial of the medicinal product;
48) investigator's brochure is a summary of the results of a preclinical trial of a medicine and a clinical trial of a medicinal product for medical use;
49) patient information sheet is a document containing information, in an intelligible form, about the clinical trial of the medicinal product to be conducted, and the patient's written voluntary consent to participate in the clinical trial of the medicinal product given after a prior acquaintance with the specifics of the clinical trial which are significant for giving such consent;
50) side effect is a reaction of the body to the use of a medicinal product in the dosage rate recommended in its Package Leaflet for prophylaxis, diagnostics, treatment of disease, or for rehabilitation;
50.1) adverse drug reaction is an undesirable adverse reaction of the body which may be associated with the use of the medicinal product;
(sub-clause 50.1 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
51) serious adverse drug reaction is an undesirable reaction of the body to the use of a medicinal product which has caused death, congenital anomalies or malformation, or posing a threat to life, requiring hospitalization, or which has caused permanent incapacity to work and (or) disability;
52) unexpected adverse drug reaction is an undesirable reaction of the body associated with the use of a medicinal product in dosages recommended in its clinical trial protocol, investigator's brochure, or with the use of a medicinal product in dosages recommended in its Package Leaflet for prophylaxis, diagnostics, treatment of disease, or medical rehabilitation of the patient, and whose essence, seriousness or outcome does not conform to the information on the medicinal product contained in its clinical trial protocol, investigator's brochure or the Package Leaflet of the medicinal product;
(sub-clause 52 as amended by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
52.1) pharmacovigilance is activity for monitoring of efficacy and safety of medicinal products aimed to detect, assess and prevent undesirable consequences of the use of medicinal products;
(sub-clause 52.1 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
52.2) risk management plan is a detailed description of pharmacovigilance measures aimed to detect, assess and prevent or mitigate risks relating to medicinal products, including assessment of effectiveness of such measures;
(sub-clause 52.2 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
53) medicinal product prescription is a medical document in an established form authorising an administration of a medicinal product for medical use and issued by a healthcare professional for the purpose of dispensation of the medicinal product or its manufacture and sale in paper form or, with the consent of the patient or the patient's legal representative, in the form of an electronic document signed using an enhanced qualified electronic signature of the healthcare professional or a document in an established form authorising administration of the medicinal product for veterinary use and issued by a veterinarian for the purpose of dispensation of the medicinal product or its manufacture and dispensation in paper form;
(sub-clause 53 as amended by Federal Law of July 29, 2017 No. 242-FZ)
54) medical institution or veterinary institution order is a standard form document issued by a medical or veterinary practitioner so entitled, which contains a written instruction addressed to a pharmacy institution to dispense, or formulate and dispense a medicinal product in order to make provisions for treatment in the medical institution or veterinary institution;
55) comprehensive assessment of the medicinal product is an assessment of a registered medicinal product, which includes analysis of information on relative clinical efficacy and safety of the medicinal product, assessment of economic consequences of its use, studying additional consequences of the use of the medicinal product in order to make a decision on the possibility to include the medicinal product into the list of vital and essential medicinal products, normative legal acts and other documents determining the procedure for provision of medical aid, or removal thereof from the specified list, acts and documents;
(sub-clause 55 introduced by Federal Law of December 22, 2014 No. 429-FZ)
56) the system for monitoring the movement of medicinal products for medical use is a federal state information system for monitoring the movement of medicinal products for medical use from the manufacturer to the end consumer using means of identification in respect of medicinal products for medical use.
(sub-clause 56 introduced by Federal Law of December 28, 2017 No. 425-FZ)